Generally, palm oil refining process indudes: degumming, deacidificaion,decolorizing, deodorizing. Some processing plant may also have fractionation process of palm oil to enrich the final palm oil products. Thefollowing is some knowledge on palm oll degumming, which is generally the first refining process of crudepalm oil.
Palm Oil Degumming Process(Dry Degumming)
Dry degumming process of palm oil: For crude palm oil refining plant, drying degumming process issuggested. Classically, crude palm oil is first mixed with about 0.05- 0.1% concentrated phosphoric acid.Then, after a short retention time, about 1 or 2% acid-activated bleaching earth is added under vacuum ata temperature of 80-120*C. After a suitable contact time, the spent earth is removed by filtration.Phosphoric acid is mainly used by palm oil refiners especially in Malaysia, due to economical reasons.However, citric acid is also used in some cases. The critical factor affecting the quality of refined palm oil isthe introduced amount of acid. Either over or under dosage can lead to darkening and offlavor problemsof the RBD palm oil.
Water Degumming: Water degumming is suggested for refining crude oil with phosphorus content around200ppm, such as soybean oil. The crude oil is firstly go through precipitatation by pure water hydration.Then gums are removed from the crude oll by using the prin ciple of centrifugal separation. Water is the key agent in this degumming process. Below shows the flow diagram of water-degumming process of oil refining plant.

Acid degumming: Through acid conditioning pricess, gums are precipitated from the crude oil and then be removed by centrifugal separation. It is normally used in refining process of rice bran and sunflower oil. 
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